Which Mesopotamian goddess is most associated with pure villainy and evil in modern culture?

Tiamat is often depicted as a chaotic and primordial goddess in Mesopotamian mythology, associated with the saltwater ocean and creation's primordial state. In modern interpretations, particularly in fantasy literature and games, Tiamat is frequently characterized as a symbol of pure villainy and evil. This stems from her role in the Babylonian creation myth known as the Enuma Elish, where she is portrayed as the adversary of the younger gods, particularly Marduk. Her fierce nature and the symbolic representation of chaos and destruction contribute to her association with villainy within contemporary narratives.

On the other hand, in different contexts, other figures like Inanna and Ishtar are complex deities with both benevolent and malevolent traits, often celebrated for their roles in love and war, rather than being strictly seen as evil. Marduk, while a prominent figure known for defeating Tiamat, is typically viewed positively as a hero and protector. These differing perceptions highlight why Tiamat stands out in modern culture as the goddess most identified with villainy.